The adrenal cortex is the outer layer of the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney. It plays a crucial role in producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions, including metabolism, immune response, and blood pressure. The adrenal cortex is divided into three zones, each responsible for producing different types of hormones, such as cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens. Cortisol helps the body respond to stress and maintain blood sugar levels, while aldosterone regulates sodium and potassium balance, affecting blood pressure. The adrenal cortex's hormone production is vital for overall health, and any dysfunction can lead to various health issues, such as Addison's disease or Cushing's syndrome.