Adrenal insufficiency is a condition where the adrenal glands, located on top of the kidneys, do not produce enough hormones, particularly cortisol. This hormone is crucial for managing stress, regulating metabolism, and maintaining blood pressure. When the body lacks sufficient cortisol, it can lead to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, and low blood pressure. There are two main types of adrenal insufficiency: primary adrenal insufficiency, also known as Addison's disease, and secondary adrenal insufficiency, which occurs when the pituitary gland fails to signal the adrenal glands properly. Treatment typically involves hormone replacement therapy to help manage symptoms and restore balance in the body.