Adrenal gland disorders occur when the adrenal glands, located on top of each kidney, produce too much or too little of certain hormones. These hormones, such as cortisol and aldosterone, play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, blood pressure, and stress response. Common disorders include Cushing's syndrome, characterized by excess cortisol, and Addison's disease, which results from insufficient hormone production. Symptoms of adrenal gland disorders can vary widely, including fatigue, weight changes, and mood swings. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, imaging studies, and hormone level assessments. Treatment options may include medication, lifestyle changes, or surgery, depending on the specific disorder and its severity.