Aconitase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle. It catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate through a two-step process. This reaction is essential for energy production in cells, as it helps in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In addition to its role in energy metabolism, aconitase also functions as a regulatory protein. It can sense cellular iron levels and help maintain iron homeostasis. When iron is abundant, aconitase is active; when iron is scarce, it can switch to a different form, influencing gene expression related to iron metabolism.