Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are the two distinct groups of Indigenous Australians. The Aboriginal peoples are the original inhabitants of the Australian mainland and Tasmania, while the Torres Strait Islanders come from the islands located between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea. Both groups have rich cultural traditions, languages, and histories that date back tens of thousands of years. These communities have unique connections to their land, which is central to their identity and cultural practices. They have diverse languages, art forms, and spiritual beliefs that reflect their deep relationship with the environment. Efforts are ongoing to preserve and promote their cultures and rights within modern Australian society.