Abhinavagupta was a prominent Indian philosopher, scholar, and aesthetician who lived during the 10th to 11th centuries CE. He is best known for his contributions to the fields of Shaivism, Kashmir Shaivism, and Indian aesthetics. His works, such as the "Tantraloka" and "Abhinavabharati," explore the nature of consciousness, art, and the experience of beauty. In addition to his philosophical writings, Abhinavagupta was also a significant figure in the development of Natya Shastra, the ancient Indian treatise on performing arts. His insights into the relationship between art and spirituality have influenced various disciplines, including theater, dance, and literature in India.