A. Philip Randolph was an influential American labor leader and civil rights activist born on April 15, 1889. He is best known for founding the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first predominantly African American labor union, which fought for better wages and working conditions for Black workers in the railroad industry. Randolph played a significant role in the Civil Rights Movement and was a key organizer of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963. His efforts helped to advance both labor rights and racial equality, making him a pivotal figure in American history.