The "80년 전쟁" (Eighty Years' War) was a conflict that lasted from 1568 to 1648 between the Spanish Empire and the Dutch Republic. It began as a revolt by the Dutch provinces against Spanish rule, driven by issues such as heavy taxation and religious persecution. The war was marked by significant battles and the involvement of various European powers. The conflict ultimately led to the independence of the Dutch Republic and the recognition of its sovereignty in the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. This war significantly impacted European politics and trade, establishing the Dutch as a major maritime power.