In July 2013, a military coup in Egypt led to the ousting of President Mohamed Morsi, who had been in office for just one year. The coup was initiated by the military, led by General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, in response to widespread protests against Morsi's government, which many citizens viewed as ineffective and increasingly authoritarian. Following the coup, Morsi was arrested, and the military suspended the constitution. A new interim government was established, which faced significant opposition from Morsi's supporters, leading to violent clashes and a crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood, the political group from which Morsi hailed.