2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, also known as nicotinic acid or niacin, is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NO2. It features a pyridine ring, which is a six-membered aromatic ring containing one nitrogen atom, and a carboxylic acid functional group. This compound is a colorless solid that is soluble in water and has various applications in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. As a member of the B-vitamin family, 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid plays a crucial role in human health. It is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, contributing to energy production. Additionally, it is used in the synthesis of various medications and herbicides, highlighting its importance in both health and agriculture.