Nineteenth-century literature refers to the body of written works produced during the 1800s, a period marked by significant social, political, and technological changes. This era saw the rise of various literary movements, including Romanticism, which emphasized emotion and nature, and Realism, which focused on everyday life and society. Prominent authors included Charles Dickens, Jane Austen, and Leo Tolstoy, whose works explored themes of love, class, and morality. The century also witnessed the emergence of new genres, such as the modern novel and poetry that reflected personal and societal struggles. Additionally, the Victorian era in England brought about a distinct literary style characterized by elaborate prose and moral themes. Overall, 19th-century literature laid the groundwork for many contemporary literary forms and ideas.