The 19th century in America was a time of significant change and growth. It saw the expansion of the United States westward, driven by the idea of Manifest Destiny. This period included the rise of industries, the development of railroads, and the growth of cities, which transformed the economy and society. Social movements also emerged during this time, including the abolitionist movement advocating for the end of slavery and the women's suffrage movement fighting for women's rights. The century was marked by conflicts such as the Civil War, which ultimately led to the preservation of the Union and the abolition of slavery.