In 186 AD, the Roman Empire was under the rule of Emperor Commodus, who became emperor in 180 AD. This period was marked by relative peace and stability known as the Pax Romana, which allowed for economic growth and cultural development across the empire. During this time, the Han Dynasty was also prominent in China, continuing its influence in East Asia. The Han Dynasty was known for advancements in technology, trade, and culture, contributing to the Silk Road's expansion, which facilitated trade between Rome and China.