The year 1509 marked significant events in European history, particularly in the realms of politics and exploration. It was during this year that Henry VIII ascended to the throne of England, beginning a reign that would last for 38 years and greatly influence the country's future. In the world of exploration, Vasco da Gama returned to Portugal after his successful voyage to India, which had opened new trade routes. This year also saw the establishment of the Spanish Empire in the Americas, as explorers continued to claim new territories for their nations.