The 11-year solar cycle refers to the periodic change in the Sun's activity, including variations in the number of sunspots, solar flares, and solar radiation. This cycle typically lasts about 11 years, although it can range from 9 to 14 years. During the cycle, the Sun transitions from a solar minimum, with fewer sunspots, to a solar maximum, characterized by a higher number of sunspots and increased solar activity. The solar cycle is driven by the Sun's magnetic field, which undergoes a complete reversal at the peak of the cycle. This phenomenon affects space weather and can influence Earth's climate, satellite operations, and communication systems. Understanding the solar cycle is crucial for predicting solar events that may impact technology and life on Earth.