풍진, also known as rubella, is a contagious viral infection characterized by a mild rash and fever. It is caused by the rubella virus and is typically spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. While it often causes mild symptoms in children and adults, it can lead to serious complications during pregnancy. In pregnant women, 풍진 can result in severe birth defects or miscarriage, known as congenital rubella syndrome. Vaccination with the MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, and rubella) is the most effective way to prevent the infection. Public health efforts focus on increasing vaccination rates to protect vulnerable populations.