The 베네치아 공화국, also known as the Venetian Republic, was a major maritime power in the Mediterranean from the 7th century until its fall in 1797. It was known for its unique political system, which combined elements of oligarchy and democracy, and was ruled by the Doge, an elected leader. The republic thrived on trade, particularly in spices and silk, establishing a vast network of commerce. The capital, 베네치아 (Venice), was famous for its canals and stunning architecture, including landmarks like 산 마르코 대성당 (St. Mark's Basilica). The republic played a crucial role in the cultural and economic exchanges between Europe and the East, influencing art, architecture, and politics during the Renaissance.