노자 (Laozi) is an ancient Chinese philosopher and writer, traditionally considered the founder of 도교 (Taoism). He is best known for his work, the 도덕경 (Tao Te Ching), which emphasizes living in harmony with the 도 (Tao), or the fundamental nature of the universe. His teachings advocate simplicity, humility, and compassion. Laozi's philosophy has influenced various aspects of Chinese culture, including art, politics, and religion. His ideas promote the concept of 무위 (wu wei), or effortless action, encouraging individuals to align with the natural flow of life rather than resist it.