空手 (karate) is a traditional Japanese martial art that focuses on striking techniques, including punches, kicks, knee strikes, and elbow strikes. It emphasizes self-discipline, respect, and physical fitness. Practitioners, known as 空手家 (karateka), train in various forms, or kata, which are pre-arranged sequences of movements that help develop technique and timing. Originating in the Okinawan islands, 空手 combines influences from indigenous fighting styles and Chinese martial arts. It gained popularity in the early 20th century and has since spread worldwide. Today, 空手 is practiced both as a sport and a means of self-defense, with various styles such as 空手道 (karate-do) and 松濤館流 (Shotokan).