民族志, or "ethnography," is a qualitative research method used in the social sciences to study cultures and communities. It involves immersive observation and participation in the daily lives of the subjects, allowing researchers to gain a deep understanding of their practices, beliefs, and social interactions. Ethnographers often produce detailed descriptions and analyses of their findings, contributing to fields like anthropology and sociology. This method can involve various techniques, such as interviews and fieldwork, to capture the complexities of human behavior and cultural norms within specific groups, such as indigenous peoples or urban communities.