“抗日战争” (the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression) refers to the conflict between China and Japan from 1937 to 1945. This war was part of the larger context of World War II and was marked by significant battles, including the Battle of Shanghai and the Nanjing Massacre. The Chinese people united against the Japanese invasion, leading to widespread resistance efforts across the country. The war officially began with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in July 1937. It ended with Japan's surrender in 1945, following the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The conflict had a profound impact on China's national identity and is remembered as a crucial period in its history.