Nagasaki is a city located on the island of Kyushu in Japan. It is known for its beautiful natural harbor and hilly landscape. Historically, Nagasaki was one of the few ports open to foreign trade during Japan's period of isolation in the 17th to 19th centuries, making it a cultural melting pot. On August 9, 1945, Nagasaki became the second city to be targeted by an atomic bomb during World War II, following Hiroshima. The bombing caused significant destruction and loss of life, leading to Japan's eventual surrender. Today, Nagasaki is a center for peace education and remembrance, with memorials such as the Nagasaki Peace Park.