گرانیکوس (Granicus) was an ancient river located in what is now northwestern Turkey. It is historically significant for being the site of the first major battle between Alexander the Great and the Persian Empire in 334 BCE. The battle marked a crucial point in Alexander's campaign to conquer Persia and expand his empire. The river itself flows into the Hellespont and was known for its strategic importance in ancient warfare. The victory at the Battle of Granicus allowed Alexander to gain control over Asia Minor and set the stage for further military successes against the Persians.