شاه جهان (Shah Jahan) was the fifth Mughal emperor, ruling from 1628 to 1658. He is best known for commissioning the iconic تاج محل (Taj Mahal), a mausoleum built in memory of his beloved wife, ممتاز محل (Mumtaz Mahal). His reign is often regarded as the golden age of Mughal architecture, marked by the construction of several magnificent structures. During his rule, Shah Jahan expanded the empire and promoted arts and culture. However, his later years were marred by conflict with his sons, leading to his eventual imprisonment by his son اورنگزیب (Aurangzeb). Shah Jahan's legacy remains influential in Indian history and architecture.