The term "πληβείους" (plebeians) refers to the common people of ancient Rome. They were the general populace, distinct from the elite class known as the patricians. Plebeians included farmers, laborers, and artisans, and they played a crucial role in the social and political structure of Roman society. Initially, plebeians had limited rights and were often at a disadvantage compared to patricians. Over time, they fought for and gained more political power, leading to the establishment of the Tribunes of the Plebs, who represented their interests. This struggle contributed to the development of a more balanced political system in Rome.