Glaciology is the scientific study of glaciers, ice sheets, and ice caps, focusing on their formation, movement, and effects on the environment. This field examines how glaciers interact with climate, geology, and ecosystems, providing insights into past and present climate changes. Researchers in glaciology use various methods, including satellite imagery and field measurements, to monitor ice dynamics and melting patterns. Understanding these processes is crucial for predicting future sea-level rise and assessing the impacts of global warming on polar regions and mountainous areas.