The Union of Scotland and England occurred in 1707, creating the Kingdom of Great Britain. This union was formalized through the Acts of Union, which merged the separate parliaments and governments of both nations into a single parliament located in Westminster, London. The union aimed to enhance political stability and economic cooperation, addressing issues such as trade and security. While it brought benefits, it also sparked debates about national identity and governance, leading to ongoing discussions about the relationship between Scotland and the rest of the UK.