Henri Matisse was a French painter, sculptor, and printmaker, born on December 31, 1869. He is best known for his use of vibrant colors and innovative techniques, which helped to define the Fauvism movement. Matisse's work often features bold shapes and expressive forms, emphasizing emotional expression over realistic representation. Throughout his career, Matisse experimented with various mediums, including painting, collage, and sculpture. Some of his most famous works include "The Dance" and "Woman with a Hat." Matisse's influence on modern art is profound, inspiring countless artists and movements that followed. He passed away on November 3, 1954.