The Duchy of Burgundy was a significant historical territory in western Europe, primarily during the late Middle Ages. It emerged in the 14th century and became a powerful state under the rule of the Valois Dukes, who expanded its influence through strategic marriages and military conquests. The duchy included regions that are now part of modern-day France and Belgium. At its height, the Duchy of Burgundy was known for its wealth, culture, and political power. The capital, Dijon, became a center for the arts and learning. The duchy played a crucial role in European politics until its decline in the 15th century, particularly after the death of Duke Philip the Good.