Xylazine is a veterinary medication primarily used as a sedative and analgesic for animals, particularly in horses and cattle. It works by depressing the central nervous system, leading to relaxation and pain relief. Xylazine is not approved for human use, but it has been misused in some regions, leading to serious health concerns. In recent years, xylazine has been found in illicit drugs, often mixed with opioids like fentanyl. This combination can enhance the sedative effects, increasing the risk of overdose and respiratory depression. Due to its growing presence in the drug supply, awareness and caution are essential for public health.