Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the skin's ability to repair damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) light. Individuals with XP are highly sensitive to sunlight, leading to severe sunburns, skin lesions, and an increased risk of skin cancer. The condition is caused by mutations in genes responsible for DNA repair. People with XP often develop freckling, pigmentation changes, and skin cancers at a young age. Protective measures, such as wearing sunscreen and protective clothing, are essential for managing the condition. Regular skin examinations by a healthcare professional are also important for early detection of any skin abnormalities.