A written constitution is a formal document that outlines the fundamental principles and laws of a nation or organization. It serves as the supreme legal authority, establishing the structure of government, the rights of citizens, and the responsibilities of public officials. Countries like the United States and India have written constitutions that guide their legal systems and political processes. Having a written constitution helps ensure clarity and consistency in governance. It provides a reference point for lawmakers and judges, making it easier to resolve disputes and interpret laws. Additionally, it protects citizens' rights by clearly stating them, which can help prevent abuses of power by the government.