The work product doctrine is a legal principle that protects materials prepared by attorneys in anticipation of litigation. This doctrine ensures that documents, notes, and other materials created during the legal process are kept confidential and not disclosed to opposing parties. It encourages thorough preparation and candid communication between lawyers and their clients. Under this doctrine, certain materials may be shielded from discovery, meaning they cannot be accessed by the opposing side during a legal case. However, there are exceptions, such as when the opposing party can demonstrate a substantial need for the information and cannot obtain it by other means.