Confidentiality refers to the practice of keeping sensitive information private and secure. It ensures that personal details, such as those shared with a doctor or lawyer, are not disclosed to unauthorized individuals. This trust is essential in many relationships, as it allows people to share information without fear of it being misused. In various fields, like healthcare and business, confidentiality is protected by laws and ethical guidelines. For instance, HIPAA in the United States safeguards patient information, while companies often have policies to protect trade secrets. Maintaining confidentiality fosters trust and encourages open communication.