White-nose syndrome is a fungal disease that affects bats, primarily in North America. It is caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, which thrives in cold, damp environments like caves. The disease disrupts the bats' hibernation patterns, leading to dehydration and energy depletion, often resulting in death. First identified in 2006, white-nose syndrome has significantly impacted bat populations, with some species experiencing dramatic declines. Conservation efforts are underway to monitor affected areas and protect bat habitats, as these creatures play a crucial role in ecosystems by controlling insect populations and pollinating plants.