White rot is a type of wood decay caused by certain fungi that break down lignin, a complex organic polymer found in the cell walls of plants. This process results in a white, fibrous appearance of the affected wood, which can become soft and spongy. Unlike other forms of rot, such as brown rot, white rot can degrade both lignin and cellulose, leading to a more extensive breakdown of the wood's structure. This decay can weaken wooden structures, making it important to identify and manage white rot in buildings and other wooden materials.