A water well is a structure created to access groundwater, which is water located beneath the Earth's surface. Wells are typically drilled or dug into the ground until they reach an aquifer, a layer of water-bearing rock or sediment. Once the well reaches the aquifer, water can be pumped to the surface for various uses, such as drinking, irrigation, and industrial processes. Water wells can vary in depth and construction methods, depending on the local geology and water needs. Common types include boreholes, which are drilled using specialized equipment, and hand-dug wells, which are excavated manually. Proper maintenance and testing are essential to ensure the water remains safe for consumption.