Hand-dug wells are shallow water sources created by manually excavating the ground. Typically, they are dug using simple tools like shovels and picks, allowing access to groundwater. These wells are often found in rural areas where modern drilling equipment is unavailable. The construction of a hand-dug well involves removing soil and rock until water is reached. The walls are usually lined with stones or bricks to prevent collapse. While hand-dug wells can provide essential water for drinking and irrigation, they may be more susceptible to contamination compared to deeper wells drilled by machines.