Water turbines are devices that convert the energy of flowing or falling water into mechanical energy. They are commonly used in hydroelectric power plants to generate electricity. The movement of water turns the blades of the turbine, which then drives a generator to produce power. There are different types of water turbines, including Francis turbines, Pelton wheels, and Kaplan turbines, each designed for specific water flow conditions. These turbines are essential for harnessing renewable energy from rivers and dams, contributing to sustainable energy solutions worldwide.