Kaplan turbines are a type of water turbine used in hydroelectric power plants. They are designed for low-head sites, where water flows at a lower height. The turbine features adjustable blades, allowing it to efficiently harness energy from varying water flow conditions. These turbines were invented by Viktor Kaplan in the early 20th century. Their unique design enables them to operate effectively in both high and low flow situations, making them versatile for different hydroelectric applications. Kaplan turbines are commonly used in large-scale power generation, contributing significantly to renewable energy production.