Volcanic islands are landforms created by volcanic activity, where magma from beneath the Earth's crust erupts through the surface. Over time, repeated eruptions build up layers of lava and ash, forming islands. These islands can be found in various oceanic regions, often along tectonic plate boundaries. Many volcanic islands are part of larger archipelagos, such as the Hawaiian Islands or the Galápagos Islands. They can host unique ecosystems due to their isolation, leading to diverse plant and animal species. Some volcanic islands are still active, while others may be dormant or extinct, showcasing the dynamic nature of our planet.