A vertebrate is an animal that has a backbone or spinal column. This group includes various species such as mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Vertebrates are part of the phylum Chordata, which is characterized by having a notochord at some stage of development. Vertebrates are typically more complex than invertebrates, possessing a well-developed nervous system and a skeleton made of bone or cartilage. They can be found in diverse habitats, from oceans to forests, and play essential roles in ecosystems. Their ability to move and adapt has allowed them to thrive in many environments.