A "varietal" refers to a specific type of grape used in winemaking. Each varietal has distinct characteristics, such as flavor, aroma, and color, which influence the final taste of the wine. Common examples of varietals include Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot. In addition to grapes, the term "varietal" can also apply to other plants and crops, indicating a specific variety within a species. This classification helps in understanding the unique traits and cultivation needs of different plants, such as heirloom tomatoes or rose varieties.