Variable frequency drives (VFDs) are electronic devices that control the speed and torque of electric motors by varying the frequency and voltage of the power supplied to them. They are commonly used in applications such as fans, pumps, and conveyors, allowing for energy savings and improved process control. By adjusting the motor speed, VFDs help optimize performance and reduce wear and tear on equipment. This technology is essential in industries like manufacturing and HVAC, where precise motor control can lead to significant operational efficiencies and lower energy costs.