Vanadium(III) oxide is a chemical compound with the formula V2O3. It consists of vanadium in the +3 oxidation state and is typically a black or dark brown solid. This compound is known for its semiconductor properties and is used in various applications, including catalysis and materials science. In addition to its industrial uses, V2O3 is studied for its potential in electronics and energy storage. It can be synthesized through various methods, including thermal reduction of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) or by reacting vanadium(IV) oxide with vanadium metal.