Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or well-being. The principle of "value_if_true" in this context refers to the idea that if an action leads to positive outcomes for the majority, it is considered morally right. This approach evaluates the consequences of actions to determine their ethical value. In utilitarianism, the focus is on the greatest good for the greatest number. This means that decisions should be made based on their potential to increase happiness or reduce suffering for all affected individuals. Key figures associated with this philosophy include Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.