Vaccinology is the scientific study of vaccines, their development, and their use in preventing infectious diseases. It encompasses various fields, including immunology, microbiology, and epidemiology, to understand how vaccines work and how they can be effectively administered to populations. Researchers in vaccinology focus on creating new vaccines, improving existing ones, and ensuring their safety and efficacy. This field has played a crucial role in controlling diseases like polio, measles, and influenza, contributing to public health and reducing mortality rates worldwide.