The uterine arteries are blood vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to the uterus, a key organ in the female reproductive system. These arteries branch off from the internal iliac arteries and travel along the sides of the uterus, providing essential nutrients and support for reproductive health. During pregnancy, the uterine arteries undergo changes to accommodate the increased blood flow needed for the developing fetus. They play a crucial role in ensuring that the uterus receives adequate blood supply, which is vital for the growth and maintenance of the placenta and the overall health of the pregnancy.