Tundra is a cold, treeless biome found in polar regions and high mountain areas. It is characterized by a short growing season, low temperatures, and limited precipitation. The ground is often frozen, creating a layer called permafrost, which affects the types of plants and animals that can survive there. Common vegetation includes mosses, lichens, and low shrubs. Wildlife in the tundra includes species such as caribou, arctic foxes, and snowy owls. These animals have adapted to the harsh conditions, often developing thick fur or feathers for insulation. The tundra plays a crucial role in the Earth's climate system and is sensitive to changes in temperature.