Transmission routes refer to the pathways through which diseases or infections spread from one host to another. These routes can include direct contact, such as touching an infected person, or indirect contact, like touching surfaces contaminated with pathogens. Airborne transmission, where tiny droplets containing viruses or bacteria are inhaled, is another common route. Understanding transmission routes is crucial for controlling outbreaks and preventing illness. Public health measures, such as vaccination and hygiene practices, aim to interrupt these routes. For example, wearing masks can reduce airborne transmission, while regular handwashing can limit the spread of germs through direct contact.